Sympathoadrenal activation and endotheliopathy are drivers of hypocoagulability and hyperfibrinolysis in trauma: A prospective observational study of 404 severely injured patients.

Background: One third of severely injured patients present with a laboratory based diagnosis of coagulopathy. This study investigated clinical and biomarker profile of patients with rapid TEG (rTEG) coagulopathy hypothesizing that sympathoadrenal activation and endothelial damage were drivers of this condition. Methods: Prospective observational study of 404 trauma patients admitted to a Level 1 US Trauma Center. Patients with admission rTEG and plasma measurements of catecholamines (adrenaline, noradrenaline) and biomarkers reflecting endothelial activation/damage (syndecan-1, thrombomodulin, sE-selectin, sVE-cadherin, nucleosomes) were included. Demography, injury type/severity, physiology, treatment and in-hospital mortality were recorded. Results: Patients had a median Injury Severity Score (ISS) of 17, 73% from blunt injury. One third (35%) of the patients had rTEG coagulopathy, which was associated with higher plasma adrenaline, syndecan-1 and nucleosomes (all

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