The immunologic response to severe traumatic injury is complex - such that individual patients may face exceptionally different immunologic challenges at different points in time. It is in this context that one must consider potentially additive immunomodulatory effects of blood product transfusion. This review will consider first the immunologic response to traumatic injury, followed by the epidemiology and outcomes related to blood product transfusion in trauma patients, and lastly immunologic effects of transfusion in the context of trauma. (C) 2017 Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, Inc.
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