Antithrombin Concentrate Use in Pediatric Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation: A Multicenter Cohort Study.

Objective: To describe antithrombin concentrate use and to compare thrombotic and hemorrhagic outcomes throughout the hospital stay in pediatric subjects who received extracorporeal membrane oxygenation in a Pediatric Health Information System-participating children's hospital. Design: Retrospective, multi-center, cohort study. Setting: Forty-three free-standing children's hospitals participating in Pediatric Health Information System. Subjects: Children older than or equal to 18 years of age who underwent extracorporeal membrane oxygenation between 2003 and 2012. Interventions: Subjects were classified as receiving antithrombin if they received at least one dose of antithrombin while on extracorporeal membrane oxygenation. Measurements and Main Results: International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision, Clinical Modification codes codes were used to identify hemorrhagic and thrombotic complications during their hospitalization. Pediatric Health Information System data were analyzed to determine hospital-length of stay and in-hospital mortality. A total of 1,931 of 8,601 eligible subjects (21.5%) received at least one dose of antithrombin during their extracorporeal membrane oxygenation course. Antithrombin use during extracorporeal membrane oxygenation increased from 2.4% to 51.9% (p

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