Female Physician Leadership During Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation Is Associated With Improved Patient Outcomes

Objectives: A recently published simulation study suggested that women are inferior leaders of cardiopulmonary resuscitation efforts. The aim of this study was to compare female and male code leaders in regard to cardiopulmonary resuscitation outcomes in a real-world clinical setting. Design: Retrospective cohort review. Setting: Two academic, urban hospitals in San Diego, California. Subjects: One-thousand eighty-two adult inpatients who suffered cardiac arrest and underwent cardiopulmonary resuscitation. Interventions: None. Measurements and Main Results: We analyzed whether physician code leader gender was independently associated with sustained return of spontaneous circulation and survival to discharge and with markers of quality cardiopulmonary resuscitation. Of all arrests, 327 (30.1%) were run by female physician code leaders with 251 (76.8%) obtaining return of spontaneous circulation, and 122 (37.3%) surviving to discharge. Male physicians ran 757 codes obtaining return of spontaneous circulation in 543 (71.7%) with 226 (29.9%) surviving to discharge. When adjusting for variables, female physician code leader gender was independently associated with a higher likelihood of return of spontaneous circulation (odds ratio, 1.36; 95% CI, 1.01–1.85; p = 0.049) and survival to discharge (odds ratio, 1.53; 95% CI, 1.15–2.02; p

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