Renal Blood Flow, Glomerular Filtration Rate, and Renal Oxygenation in Early Clinical Septic Shock

Objective: Data on renal hemodynamics, function, and oxygenation in early clinical septic shock are lacking. We therefore measured renal blood flow, glomerular filtration rate, renal oxygen consumption, and oxygenation in patients with early septic shock. Design: Prospective comparative study. Setting: General and cardiothoracic ICUs. Patients: Patients with norepinephrine-dependent early septic shock (n = 8) were studied within 24 hours after arrival in the ICU and compared with postcardiac surgery patients without acute kidney injury (comparator group, n = 58). Interventions: None. Measurements and Main Results: Data on systemic hemodynamics and renal variables were obtained during two 30-minute periods. Renal blood flow was measured by the infusion clearance of para-aminohippuric acid, corrected for renal extraction of para-aminohippuric acid. Renal filtration fraction was measured by renal extraction of chromium-51 labeled EDTA. Renal oxygenation was estimated from renal oxygen extraction. Renal oxygen delivery (–24%; p = 0.037) and the renal blood flow-to-cardiac index ratio (–21%; p = 0.018) were lower, renal vascular resistance was higher (26%; p = 0.027), whereas renal blood flow tended to be lower (–19%; p = 0.068) in the septic group. Glomerular filtration rate (–32%; p = 0.006) and renal sodium reabsorption (–29%; p = 0.014) were both lower in the septic group. Neither renal filtration fraction nor renal oxygen consumption differed significantly between groups. Renal oxygen extraction was significantly higher in the septic group (28%; p = 0.022). In the septic group, markers of tubular injury were elevated. Conclusions: In early clinical septic shock, renal function was lower, which was accompanied by renal vasoconstriction, a lower renal oxygen delivery, impaired renal oxygenation, and tubular sodium reabsorption at a high oxygen cost compared with controls. Supplemental digital content is available for this article. Direct URL citations appear in the printed text and are provided in the HTML and PDF versions of this article on the journal’s website (http://ift.tt/29S62lw). Supported, in part, by grants from the Swedish State Support for Clinical Research (ALFGBG-75130) and the Gothenburg Medical Society. Drs. Larsson and Ricksten’s institution received funding from the Swedish State Support for Clinical Research (ALFGBG-75130) and the Gothenburg Medical Society. The remaining authors have disclosed that they do not have any potential conflicts of interest. For information regarding this article, E-mail: sven-erik.ricksten@aniv.gu.se Copyright © by 2018 by the Society of Critical Care Medicine and Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. All Rights Reserved.

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